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Long-spans amplify the collaborative relationship between architects and engineers

By: Richard C. Master, AIA, CSI
Chair Emeritus, Specifications and Building Technology, Professional Interest Area (PIA), AIA
Manager, Architectural Systems
USG Corporation

Green Specifications

In order to maximize the sustainable value of these – and other – green building products, architects should incorporate sustainable design criteria into building specifications. Proper specification details ensure that the benefits inherent in green products are supported during the construction process and fully realized throughout the building’s life cycle.

The first step in creating an effective green specification is to use a standard specification layout, such as MasterFormat™, from the Construction Specifications Institute. The MasterFormat divides specifications into three categories:

• Part 1: General –Describes general procedures and administration.
• Part 2: Products–Describes materials, products, equipment and systems.
• Part 3: Execution–Describes the proper procedures for the installation of specific products and systems into designed applications.

The three-section format provides architects with a structure to add detailed notes and full explanations of the environmental requirements expected for each project. There’s no need to add additional sections, as this may only confuse contractors and building owners who are already familiar with the MasterFormat structure.

When creating environmental specifications, define your terms. Don’t assume that users of the specification will know the exact meaning of recyclability, post-industrial materials or other environmental terms.

Consider including the following general criteria in your specifications as needed to meet the sustainable objectives of a specific project:

• Outline on-site product storage procedures. Given the fact that standing water is a common occurrence on many construction sites, materials should not be stacked on the ground and cartons should not be left unopened and exposed to weather.
• Detail appropriate methods for storing and discarding construction waste that cannot be eliminated. Conduct a pre-construction meeting with appropriate contractors to discuss methods for minimizing construction waste and disposal, and to explore alternative reuse options.
• Encourage the establishment of good construction practices. Realistic construction schedules will enable contractors to fully enclose buildings to minimize moisture penetration issues that may contribute to poor product and system performance.

Do not include descriptions of a project’s environmental goals (e.g. attaining a LEED green building rating) in the specification. Rather, include this information as part of your instructions to bidders.

Last, but not least, remember the three R’s discussed previously when selecting products to include in the specification. Choose products that reduce, recycle and/or reuse. Bear in mind though, effective green product selection requires a careful analysis of a wide range of factors.